Extremely infants are at excessive danger of brain harm. Researchers have now discovered possible targets for the early remedy of such damage outside the brain. Bacteria in the intestine of premature infants is an important factor. The research team found that the overgrowth of the gastrointestinal tract with the bacterium Klebsiella elevates the presence of certain immune cells and the development of neurological damage in premature babies.
The gut-immune-brain axis complex
The early improvement of the gut, the brain, and the immune system are closely connected. Researchers mention this as the gut-immune-brain axis. The gut-brain-skin axis has been used to explain correlations among the gut microbiota, emotional states, and systemic and skin inflammation, and this axis may be associated with overlapping mechanisms between psoriasis and depression. Furthermore, the gut is in contact with the brain via the vagus nerve along with the immune system.
"We investigated the role this axis plays in the brain development of extremely premature infants, the microorganisms of the gut microbiome which is a vital collection of hundreds of species of bacteria, fungi, viruses and other microbes are in equilibrium in healthy people. However, especially in premature babies, whose immune system and microbiome have not been able to develop fully, shifts are quite likely to occur. These shifts may result in negative effects on the brain," explains the microbiologist and immunologist David Seki.